NEW YORK — Three 9/11 victims' remains have newly been identified, officials said this past week, as evolving DNA technology keeps making gradual gains in the nearly quarter-century-long effort to return the remains of the dead to their loved ones.
New York City officials announced Thursday they identified remains of Ryan D. Fitzgerald, a 26-year-old currency trader; Barbara A. Keating, a 72-year-old retired nonprofit executive; and another woman whose name authorities kept private at her family's request.
The three already were among the thousands of people long known to have died in the al-Qaida hijacked-plane attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, and long listed among the names on the National Sept. 11 Memorial in New York City. These families, like many others, never previously knew of any remains of their loved ones.
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In all, nearly 3,000 people were killed when the hijackers crashed jetliners into the trade center's twin towers, the Pentagon and a field in southwest Pennsylvania on 9/11. More than 2,700 of the victims perished in the fiery collapse of the trade center's twin towers, and about 40% of those victims haven't had any remains identified.
The new identifications were made through improved DNA testing of minute remains found more than 20 years ago amid the trade center wreckage, the city medical examiner's office said.
"Each new identification testifies to the promise of science and sustained outreach to families despite the passage of time," chief medical examiner Dr. Jason Graham said in a statement. "We continue this work as our way of honoring the lost."

United Airlines Flight 175 collides into the south tower of the World Trade Center in New York on Sept. 11, 2001, as smoke billows from the north tower.
Keating's son, Paul Keating, told media outlets he was amazed and impressed by the enduring endeavor.
"It's just an amazing feat, gesture," he told the New York Post. He said genetic material from part of his mother's hairbrush was matched to DNA samples from relatives. A bit of his mother's ATM card was the only other trace of her ever recovered from the debris, he said.
Barbara Keating was a passenger on Boston-to-Los Angeles-bound American Airlines Flight 11 when hijackers slammed it into the World Trade Center. She was headed home to Palm Springs, California, after spending the summer on Massachusetts' Cape Cod.
Keating spent her career in social services, including time as executive director of the Big Brothers Big Sisters of South Middlesex, near Boston. In retirement, she was involved in her Roman Catholic church in Palm Springs.
The Associated Press sent messages Friday to her family and left messages at possible numbers for Fitzgerald's relatives.
Fitzgerald, who lived in Manhattan, was working at a financial firm at the trade center, studying for a master's degree in business and talking about a long-term future with his girlfriend, according to obituaries published at the time.
The New York medical examiner's office steadily added to the roster of 9/11 victims with identified remains, most recently last year. The agency tested and retested tens of thousands of fragments as techniques advanced over the years and created new prospects for reading genetic code diminished by fire, sunlight, bacteria and more.
"We hope the families receiving answers from the Office of Chief Medical Examiner can take solace in the city's tireless dedication to this mission," New York Mayor Eric Adams said in a statement Thursday.
Photos: 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks

A family member of Captain Jason M. Dahl lays flowers in front of his name at the Memorial Plaza at the Flight 93 National Memorial on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks in Shanksville, Pa., Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024. (AP Photo/Jared Wickerham)

Visitors listen during the Bells of Remembrance at the Flight 93 National Memorial on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks in Shanksville, Pa., Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024. (AP Photo/Jared Wickerham)

A man and a young girl read names of victims during the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Pamela Smith)

People place flowers on the bronze parapets that ring the reflecting pools during the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Pamela Smith)

Two women hug while attending the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Pamela Smith)

New York City firefighters bow their heads during a moment of silence outside Engine 4 Ladder 15 on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Stefan Jeremiah)

Yachiyo Kuge of Tokyo, Japan, who lost her son Toshiya in the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, attends during the Flight 93 National Memorial's 23rd annual observance ceremony, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in Shanksville, Pa. (John Rucosky/The Tribune-Democrat via AP)

Friends of Flight 93 Executive Director Donna Gibson rings the Bells of Remembrance during the Flight 93 National Memorial's 23rd annual observance ceremony , Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in Shanksville, Pa. (John Rucosky/The Tribune-Democrat via AP)

Pins commemorating the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, adorn the clothing of a woman attending the 9/11 Memorial ceremony, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Pamela Smith)

A member of the military reads the names of the victims of Sept. 11 at the Pentagon during an observance ceremony Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024,in Washington. (AP Photo/Kevin Wolf)

Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin speaks during a Sept. 11 observance ceremony at the Pentagon, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in Washington. (AP Photo/Kevin Wolf)

Rudy Giuliani attends the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)

A a bell is rung at 9:03a.m. by a member of the FDNY during the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Pamela Smith)

Ceremony attendees stand along the bronze parapets that border the reflecting pools during the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Pamela Smith)

A member of the National Park Service brings a wreath out to the crash site at the Flight 93 National Memorial on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, attacks in Shanksville, Pa., Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024. (AP Photo/Jared Wickerham)

The Bells of Remembrance are rung by Fred Lukachinsky, president of Friends of Flight 93, and Donna Gibson, left, executive director of Friends of Flight 93, at the Flight 93 National Memorial on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11 attacks in Shanksville, Pa., Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024. (AP Photo/Jared Wickerham)

Relatives read names during a 9/11 commemoration ceremony at Ground Zero, in New York, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024. (AP Photo/Jacquelyn Martin)

Airline employees pause at the Flight 93 National Memorial on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, attacks in Shanksville, Pa., Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024. (AP Photo/Jared Wickerham)

Airline employees pause at the Flight 93 National Memorial on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, attacks in Shanksville, Pa., Tuesday, Sept. 11, 2024. (AP Photo/Jared Wickerham)

Democratic presidential nominee Vice President Kamala Harris and President Joe Biden attend the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)

Democratic presidential nominee Vice President Kamala Harris and President Joe Biden arrive at the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)

Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump and Republican vice presidential nominee Sen. JD Vance, R-Ohio, attend the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)

President Joe Biden and Democratic presidential nominee Vice President Kamala Harris, left, and Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump, right, attend a ceremony marking the anniversary of the Sept. 11 terror attacks at the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

From left, Democratic presidential nominee Vice President Kamala Harris, President Joe Biden, Michael Bloomberg, Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump and Republican vice presidential nominee Sen. JD Vance, R-Ohio, attend the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)

Employees of United Airlines observe a moment of silence for their coworkers who were killed aboard United Airlines flight 93, prior to the Flight 93 National Memorial's 23rd annual observance ceremony near Shanksville, Pa., Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024. (John Rucosky/The Tribune-Democrat via AP)

Attendees hold photos high during a ceremony marking the anniversary of the Sept. 11 terror attacks at the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

Republican presidential nominee former President Donald Trump greets Rudy Giuliani while attending the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Yuki Iwamura)

Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin steps toward a wreath at the start of the 9/11 observance ceremony at the Pentagon on Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024 in Washington. At right is Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Gen. Charles Q. Brown Jr. (AP Photo/Kevin Wolf)

Members of the military and first responders salute as a flag in unfurled from the top of the Pentagon during a dawn Sept. 11th remembrance ceremony on Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024 in Washington. (AP Photo/Kevin Wolf)

Sam Pulia, left, Willow Springs, Ill police chief, places flags on the bronze parapets at the 9/11 Memorial on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Pamela Smith)

A New Jersey police officer holds an American Flag before the start of the ceremony at the 9/11 Memorial on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Pamela Smith)

NYPD assistant chief chaplain Robert J. Romano attends the 9/11 Memorial ceremony on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Pamela Smith)

President Joe Biden places a wreath during a ceremony marking the anniversary of the Sept. 11 terror attacks at the Flight 93 National Memorial, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in Shanksville, Pa., as Democratic presidential nominee Vice President Kamala Harris, left, looks on. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

A ceremony marking the anniversary of the Sept. 11 terror attacks at the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

A ceremony marking the anniversary of the Sept. 11 terror attacks at the National September 11 Memorial & Museum, Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024, in New York. (AP Photo/Evan Vucci)

The Pennsylvania State Police Ceremonial Unit walk by the Memorial Plaza wall while rehearsing prior to the gate opening at the Flight 93 National Memorial on the 23rd anniversary of the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks in Shanksville, Pa., Wednesday, Sept. 11, 2024. (AP Photo/Jared Wickerham)